NewLang/Verbs
Finite Verbs
Verb Phrase
VERB PHRASE = (CONVERB) VERB (ADVERBS)*
Verb Template
ROOT+AGREEMENT+TRIGGER
Agreement
The agreement morpheme agrees with the noun class of the subject. The agreement is the thematic vowel of the noun class. If the verb root ends with a vowel, the vowel is replaced by the agreement vowel.
Trigger Suffixes
In the plural, the V is the tonic vowel of the verb.
| Target Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Subject | -- | - ' V |
| Ergative | -s | -lzV |
| Accusative | -o | -nV |
| Instrumental | -da | -dV |
| Locative | -s'n | -sV |
| Dative | -ria | -riV |
Notes:
- The Subject "suffix" is used when the verb is intransitive and the noun in the direct case is the subject of the verb. In the singular, there isn't actually a suffix (or a zero suffix if you prefer).
- The Ergative suffix is used when the verb is transitive and the agent is in direct case.
Adverbs
Adverbs are a closed class of words that can appear after the verb. See NewLang/Adverbs.
Non-Finite Verbs
Converbs
- See NewLang/Converbs for more details.
Converbs take two forms: simultaneous and consecutive.
Simultaneous converbs are formed via reduplication of the stressed vowel to the front of the verb. E.g. gura -> ugura.
Consecutive converbs are formed reduplication of the initial consonant followed by a ' . E.g. gura -> g'gura.
Participles
- See NewLang/Participles for more details.
Participles are formed by reduplicating the stressed vowel in place with ' between the duplicates. E.g. tenis -> te'enis.
Action Nominals
- See NewLang/Action Nominals for more details.
Action Nominals are created by adding a noun derivational suffix to the verb. This places the nominal into the appropriate noun class, and triggers the appropriate vowel harmony.
