NewLang/Verbs: Difference between revisions
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==Verb Template== | |||
VERB+<ASPECT>+TRIGGER | |||
===Aspect=== | |||
Verbs have lexical aspect, that is, they inherently have a sense of aspect. Can be: | |||
* Punctual - the event happens quickly or in an instance and is done (has a definite endpoint) | |||
* Semelfactive - the event is quick, but does not have a definite endpoint | |||
* Durative - the event happens over time and has a definite endpoint (it has a duration, by definition) | |||
* Imperfective - the event happens over time but has no definite endpoint (it may end, but an endpoint isn't inherent in the definition). Imperfective includes states (no change over time) and activities (no change over time). | |||
Grammatical aspect is indicated by an infix that is inserted before the stressed syllable (stress is unaffected). | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | |||
|- | |||
! Infix | |||
! Telic | |||
! Atelic | |||
|- | |||
| -Ø- | |||
| Punctual | |||
| Continuous | |||
|- | |||
| -ema- | |||
| Continuitive (CT) | |||
| Frequentive (FREQ) | |||
|- | |||
| -lha- | |||
| Iterative (ITER) | |||
| Progressive (PROG) | |||
|- | |||
| -u- | |||
| colspan="2" | Habitual (HAB) | |||
|- | |||
| -toa | |||
| colspan="2" | Gnomic (GNO) | |||
|} | |||
===Verb Forms=== | ===Verb Forms=== | ||
| Line 10: | Line 50: | ||
===Trigger Suffixes=== | ===Trigger Suffixes=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | |||
|- | |||
! Target Case | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
! Paucal | |||
|- | |||
| Ergative | |||
| -is | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Accusative | |||
| -ts | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Instrumental | |||
| -lza | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Benefactive | |||
| -a | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Locative | |||
| -zo | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Commitiative | |||
| -nua | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
Revision as of 15:32, 13 January 2018
Verb Template
VERB+<ASPECT>+TRIGGER
Aspect
Verbs have lexical aspect, that is, they inherently have a sense of aspect. Can be:
- Punctual - the event happens quickly or in an instance and is done (has a definite endpoint)
- Semelfactive - the event is quick, but does not have a definite endpoint
- Durative - the event happens over time and has a definite endpoint (it has a duration, by definition)
- Imperfective - the event happens over time but has no definite endpoint (it may end, but an endpoint isn't inherent in the definition). Imperfective includes states (no change over time) and activities (no change over time).
Grammatical aspect is indicated by an infix that is inserted before the stressed syllable (stress is unaffected).
| Infix | Telic | Atelic |
|---|---|---|
| -Ø- | Punctual | Continuous |
| -ema- | Continuitive (CT) | Frequentive (FREQ) |
| -lha- | Iterative (ITER) | Progressive (PROG) |
| -u- | Habitual (HAB) | |
| -toa | Gnomic (GNO) | |
Verb Forms
Preterite: --CT(C)
Converb: T--
Participle: -T'T-
Masdar: -(CL)-
Trigger Suffixes
| Target Case | Singular | Plural | Paucal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ergative | -is | |||
| Accusative | -ts | |||
| Instrumental | -lza | |||
| Benefactive | -a | |||
| Locative | -zo | |||
| Commitiative | -nua |
